Adventures of Huckleberry Finn :: essays research papers

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 1.Period: The period that is most evident in this novel is that of realism. Realism is a style of writing, developed in the nineteenth century, that attempts to depict life accurately without idealizing or romanticizing it. Mark Twain depicts the adventures and life of Huck Finn in a realistic, straight-forward way. He did not try to  ³idealize ² or  ³romanticize ² his characters or their surroundings; instead he described them exactly how they would be in real life. Realists did not write about the long ago or far away, the realists concentrate often on contemporary life and on middle- and lower-class lives in particular (such as Huck Finns). Evidence of the Romantic period is also found in this novel in that romantics tend to seek nature as a solace from problems caused by society and the big city. In this novel Huck turns to the Mississippi River (nature) as an escape from society, as does Jim for an escape from his slavery. Huck Finn also shows evidence of romanticism with its inst ances with the supernatural. 2.Style One of Mark Twain ¹s most effective uses of style in this novel is his first person point of view. In a first person point of view one of the characters tells the story, using first-person pronouns such as I and we. With this point of view the reader knows only what the narrator knows. The Adventure ¹s of Huckleberry Finn is told by the novel ¹s main character, Huck Finn. This point of view allows us to hear Huck ¹s distinct voice and dialect, further familiarizing the reader with Huck ¹s culture and surroundings. The skill with witch Twain elevates the dialect of an illiterate village boy to the highest levels of poetry established the spoken American idiom as a literary language.

Avatar Film Essay

â€Å"We must change what we want to see.† In James Cameron’s â€Å"Avatar,† we see Jake Sully—the protagonist—fighting in the imperialistic battle between the Na’vi: the natives and the Sky People: the greedy humans. Jake is important because he shows the audience the importance of where to put your loyalty and how much it can change a person. He transforms from a bitter, strongly-opinionated jarhead —with no respect for the foreign planet’s land or inhabitants—to a warrior loyal to his clan that he will fight for and defend. We are introduced to Jake Sully as a paraplegic ex-marine with strong military values. Jake’s brother was one of the scientists about to begin exploring the densely forested moon named â€Å"Pandora† with an Avatar—genetically matched to him—of the Planet’s inhabitants: The Na’vi. A mugging resulting in Jake’s brother’s death ensued Jake to be flown to Pandora for his brother’s replacement. Jake’s first link with his avatar shows us his ignorant, impulsive and instinctive behaviour and furthermore, how little respect he has for the environment or wildlife. We begin to see Jake’s arrogant attitude fade and his loving and sensitive side brought out by Neytiri with his total involvement with the Omaticaya. Through Jake’s immersion into the Na’vi’s culture and growing relationship with Neytiri, his loyalties move away from the RDA: the race he was born to, and begins to sympathise and lie with the Omaticaya clan: the race he has been accepted into. â€Å"Everything is backwards now, like out there is the true world, and in here is the dream.† â€Å"I see you.† This short but very significant sentence spoken amongst the Na’vi shows trust and loyalty – â€Å"It’s not just, I’m seeing you in front of me, it’s, I see into you.† Jake is an important character for the reason that the loyalty he establishes with the Na’vi—abandoning his race—helps the Na’vi to keep their land and sacred home. We start to see Jake’s shifting alleg iance when he sabotages the RDA’s bulldozers that were set to destroy one of the Omaticaya’s sacred places. However he betrays the Na’vi’s trust in him—especially Neytiri’s—when he reveals that he is one of the sky people that are coming to destroy Hometree. To earn the Na’vi’s trust back, Jake tames and connects to the huge, legendary Toruk: â€Å"the baddest cat in the sky.† And with support from the new chief Tsu’tey – he declares his loyalty and his willingness to not let the Na’vi go down without a fight: â€Å"We will show the Sky People that they cannot take whatever they want! And that this, this is our land!† In the undershot of Quaritch in his machine suit holding Jake up by his ponytail – we see Jake staying loyal to the Na’vi. The undershot gives Quaritch a sense of power and dominance over Jake and the audience who feel a sense of hopelessness for Jake. Also the low angle gives Quaritch a sense of importance – intimidating the audience. Jake putting his life on the line in order to protect the Na’vi shows us how important they—especially Neytiri—have become to him. â€Å"All I ever wanted was a single thing worth fighting for.† And for the Na’vi—for Neytiri—Jake has. Jake is an important character because he helps the audience to understand the effects of imperialism on Pandora and the Na’vi. The RDA want the very expensive mineral that is largely deposited under Hometree and they are going to get the unobtanium one way or another – no exception to the cost of the planet’s people or land. The RDA bomb Hometree with a rain of firepower, and finally Hometree collapses in a blaze of fire. Close ups on the Na’vi’s faces—while this is happening—reveal the impact the loss of Hometree has on them; the slow motion also adds to emphasise this. The close up shots expose their emotions of anger but most of all, great sadness. Hometree is where the Omaticaya gather together as a clan, where they raise their future; Hometree is their life. Jake progresses from an RDA spy, to a loya l leader willing to fight for the Na’vi’s world. â€Å"I was a warrior who dreamed I could bring peace.† The low angle shot of Jake flying into the crowd of Na’vi, portrays him as the saviour with the sun beaming behind him to accentuate his heroism. The low angle further enforces Jake’s importance to the audience giving him a sense of superiority. â€Å"The Sky People have sent us a message†¦ that they can take whatever they want. That no one can stop them. Well, we will send them a message.† Jake leads the battle between the Na’vi who fight to protect their sacred lands, and the humans who are fuelled by the riches the Na’vi’s lands hold. This imperialistic battle is similar to the conquering and settlement of North America by European countries resulting in the destruction and decimation of the Native Americans way of life. The Mighty Europeans used military force to upheave the indigenous civilizations in North America. Driving the Natives away for the plentiful land, Europeans colonised what is now the Americas. Cameron wanted to expose us—the oblivious communities—to imperialism at its simplest: destroying one group’s livelihood for another’s own greed and wealth. In James Cameron’s film â€Å"Avatar,† Jake Sully is the protagonist and an important character for the reason that his newly established loyalty with the Na’vi helps them to keep their sacred land and home. He is important because he stands up for the underdogs: the Na’vi, instead of encouraging the destruction of the indigenous civilization’s home. James Cameron’s intentions to expose imperialism through the RDA and the Na’vi in Avatar, helps the audience understand the effects of it and how easily it has occurred AND could occur on our home: Earth. â€Å"Avatar† helped me to understand and grasp the fact that we are slowly destroying Earth’s nat ural resources and wonders for our desires and self-indulgences.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Essay - 2241 Words

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome The carpal tunnel is a passageway that runs from the forearm through the wrist. Bones form three walls of the tunnel and a strong, broad ligament bridges over them. The median nerve, which supplies feeling to the thumb, index (4th digit), and ring fingers (3rd digit), and the nine tendons that flex the fingers, passes through this tunnel. This nerve, also, provides function for the muscles at the base of the thumb (the Thenar muscles). Usually, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is considered an inflammatory disorder caused by repetitive stress, physical injury, or medical conditions that cause the tissues around the median nerve to become swollen. The protective lining of the tendons within the carpal tunnel can†¦show more content†¦Such conditions are known contributors to CTS. It is most likely that many cases of CTS occur from a combination of factors, including a predisposing medical condition exacerbated by work stress and psychological and social stressers. In many patients with CTS, an underlying cause for the disorder cannot be discovered. Disorders related to work that requires repetitive motion are increasing. They account for nearly half of all reported work related illness, and CTS is estimated to account for over 41% of these repetitive motion disorders. Researchers have defined six key risk factors in the workplace for the development of these disorders, including CTS: (1) repetition, (2) high force, (3) awkward joint posture, (4) direct pressure, (5) vibration, and (6) prolonged constrained posture. Through many of the studies I have read, many believe that incorrect posture may play a large role in the development of CTS, particularly in people who work at computer and other types of keyboards. The tendency to roll the shoulders forward, round the lower back, and thrust the chin forward can shorten the neck and shoulder muscles compressing nerves in the neck. This can affect the wrist, fingers, and hand. It has been difficult to obtain relia ble data on the relation between repetitive hand and wrist tasks and CTS. Studies indicate thatShow MoreRelatedEssay on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome1712 Words   |  7 PagesCarpal Tunnel Syndrome Abstract The wrist is surrounded by a band of fibrous tissue, which normally functions as a support for the joint. The tight space between this fibrous band and the wrist bone is called the carpal tunnel (The Stay Well Company, 1999). The median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel to receive sensations from the thumb, index, and middle fingers of the hand. Any condition that causes swelling or a change in position of the tissue withinRead MoreCarpal Tunnel Syndrome : Overview887 Words   |  4 PagesCARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME Overview There are 8 small bones known as carpal bones of the wrist. A ligament (also known as retinaculum) is located in front of the wrist. Between this muscle and carpal bones in a space called the carpal tunnel. The muscles that attach the forewarn muscles to the fingers that passed through the carpal tunnel. A main nerve to the hand (median nerve) also passes through this tunnel before dividing into smaller divisions in the palm of your hand. Carpal tunnel syndrome isRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome928 Words   |  4 Pagesexperiencing pelvic girdle pain, it is due to Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction (SPD). Symphysis Pubis Dysfunction is caused by stretchy ligaments in your pelvic area. The increased blood volume pressurises your blood vessels and results in varicose veins. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, leg cramps, feet swelling and bleeding gums are likely to continue in week 25 of your pregnancy. Because normal daily hair loss is suppressed by pregnancy hormones, you may notice that your hair becomes thick and glossy. However, all thisRead MoreA Study On Dry Needling1466 Words   |  6 Pagesdry needling fits within the Physical Therapist Scope of Practice because it has shown to â€Å"alleviate impairment and functional limitation† (APTA, 2014). This being said, dry needling has benefitted patients experiencing chronic pain such as; carpal tunnel and plantar fasciitis (Ries, 2015). In addition, the majority of patients who have received dry needling incorporated into their physical therapy treatments have experienced positive results. Patients not only recovered quicker, but increasedRead More Human Growth Hormone Essay1168 Words   |  5 Pagesboosted immune function and kidney function, lower blood pressure, improve cholesterol, and smoother skin. The studies that have been done do not strongly support these claims. The risks involved in human growth hormone ad ministration are edema, carpal tunnel syndrome, and joint pain. Use of growth hormone can increase the risk of developing diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart failure (Harvard, 1999). An article on human growth hormone published in the Journal of the American Geriatric Society statesRead More Workplace Ergonomics, Ergonomics Assessment, Ergonomics Training2868 Words   |  12 Pagesconcerned about possible early signs.† (http://www.office-ergo.com/alternat.htm). There are also factors concerning who is more likely to get a CTD than others. â€Å"Some people get CTD’s because their bodies are vulnerable to them. For example, carpal tunnel syndrome seems to be related to diabetes, overweight, thyroid conditions, hormone conditions such as those caused by hysterectomy or removal of both ovaries, rheumatoid arthritis, previous injuries, and other conditions. Smoking may also increase theRead MoreThe Bad Effects to Health of Excessive Computer Use1672 Words   |  7 Pageshealth problems caused by the extensive use of computers and the possible solutions to prevent or overcome it. Stamatellos(2007) stated in his work that the extensive use of computers can result two possible health problems: the â€Å"Computer Vision Syndrome† (CVS) and the â€Å"Repetitive Strain Injury† (RSI). CVS is a series of eye problems due to staring at the monitor of a computer for a long period of time. RSI is an intense pain felt on a particular muscle, joint or ligament that is used to repeat theRead MoreMa3110 Wk 1 Homework1051 Words   |  5 PagesSection 1-2 Ex. 26 Surgery vs. Splints – A study compared surgery and splinting for subjects suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome. It was found that among 73 patients treated with surgery, there was a 92% success rate. Among 83 patients treated with splints, there was a 72% success rate. Calculations using these results showed that if there really is no difference in success rates between surgery and splints, then there is about a 1 in 1000 chance of getting success rates like the one obtainedRead MoreThe Examination Of Jenny Enters The Clinic1655 Words   |  7 Pageswould ask how often does she spend typing in a day, does her keyboard have feet to elevate it, and I would ask her to demonstrate the position she uses to type. Those questions are important in determining whether Jenny may be experiencing carpal tunnel syndrome, because keyboard use and typing has been shown to be more prevalent in people who type more (Atroshi, 2007). I would then go on to ask Jenny to describe the type of pain she is feeling, I would ask Jenny to point to what parts of her bodyRead MoreEffects of Daily Media Use on Youth Obesity910 Words   |  4 Pageschildren and teens needs to be controlled. If it is not, this could potentially lead to negative ramifications, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, obesity, internet addiction, and negative effects on the brain. For a start, the carpal tunnel syndrome can be caused by excessive and repetitive movements of the wrists and hands. Prolonged use of the mouse and keyboard can cause carpal tunnel as it is required to rapidly press buttons in order to complete the objective in many video games. Whether it be clicking

A Day Is A Special Holiday For Those Who ve Lost A Soldier

Memorial Day is a special holiday for those who’ve lost a loved one in military service. For me, the holiday is two-fold. Yes, I remember the passing of my military dad, , but it’s also the day I remember all the best things about my father. It’s when I celebrate Father’s Day. My father was always proud to be a soldier. Sure, he would grumble about Army politics or how the service caused him to have bad knees and feet. Yet. he was good at being a solider. This was ironic because he did not choose to join the Army on his own. He, like many others, was part of the Vietnam draft. My father had no intentions of being a military man. He was going to go to a local college and play football. That dream was cut short when he received his draft letter right before graduation—football dreams would have to wait. After the war ended and he satisfied his minimal service requirements, he did not leave. He re-enlisted and went on to serve 20 years in the Army. He retired before he was 40. It would seem that with a full military career and generous retirement package under his belt, he would relax and move on. This was not the case, he had a hard time relaxing into civilian life. My dad had a rough childhood. He grew up poor in a little town in Eastern Kentucky with no father figure. Sure, he showed promise and talent in playing football at the local college, but academics was not on his horizon. Whether he realized it or not at the time, the Army was not only an escape from hisShow MoreRelatedThe boy in the stripped pajamas Full TEXT35455 Words   |  142 Pagesreading an early draft. Chapter One Bruno Makes a Discovery One afternoon, when Bruno came home from school, he was surprised to find Maria, the family s maid - who always kept her head bowed and never looked up from the carpet -standing in his bedroom, pulling all his belongings out of the wardrobe and packing them in four large wooden crates, even the things he d hidden at the back that belonged to him and wereRead MoreThe Incredible And Sad Tale Of Innocent Erendira And Her Heartless Grandmother16345 Words   |  40 Pagesï » ¿Erendira was bathing her grandmother when the wind of her misfortune began to blow. The enormous mansion of moon like concrete lost in the solitude of the desert trembled down to its foundations with the first attack. But Erendira and her grandmother were used to the risks of the wild nature there, and in the bathroom decorated with a series of peacocks and childish mosaics of Roman baths they scarcely paid any attention to the wind. The grandmother, naked and huge in the marble tub, looked likeRead MoreLanguage of Advertising20371 Words   |  82 PagesStyle, Pablicist Style, Newspaper Style, Scientific Prose Style). In CHAPTER XI it is analysed psychology and advertising. In CONCLUSION we analyze the results of the investigation which show that advertising language is a special style of the English language with its lingou-stylistic peculiarities. I. What is an advertisement, its definition? We all recognize the type of advertisement text that occurs in news-papers and magazines, whereRead MoreFor Against by L.G. 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A fateful encounter with his native land and former love. . . These are parts of the world of Carson McCullers -- a world of the lost, the injuredRead MoreTop 1 Cause for Project Failure65023 Words   |  261 Pageslook further: why do we create a rocket? Because we want to go to the moon. If NASA would have only focussed on delivering rockets, they would never have reached the moon and probably had produced a great number of disasters while delivering or using those rockets. A Business Case focus, rather than only a delivery focus! (By the way off topic: this delivery approach for me also caused the current financial crisis. Only focussing on the deal, not on the long term effects.) 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Individuals, societies, nations and enterprises who have at some time been at the forefront of commercial and/or technological expansion have achieved domination, or at least ‘competitive’ advantage, by being innovative in thought and/or action. They have been both enterprising and entrepreneurial. It

Diversity At A Young Age - 920 Words

Diversity is a very common word used in today s society. There is a lot of different categories of diversity that a person can fall under. Diversity can be defined by different races, ethnicity, socioeconomics, disabilities, giftedness, gender, sexual orientation, and many more. A human being can fall under one of these categories or even more than one. In the world around us, everybody is different in their own way. Diversity plays a huge part in breaking certain people in different categories. When a human being is born they only have a short amount of time until they start noticing differences in others. Children have a huge impact on diversity at a young age. When a child first starts school, they are around many different students. Some of the students may never have seen another child with a different skin color or a disability. Every child has an opinion and it is up to us future teachers to express the importance of accepting everyone for who they are. When people think of di versity the most common thing that comes to mind is race. On earth there is not just one race. Around the world people are categorized as being white, African American, Asian, Native American, and Native Hawaiian. There is also an ethnicity of spanish origin which is called Hispanic or Latino. In schools, there might be a wide range of children who are different races. Different races in schools can lead to an impact on the school and classroom environment. Over the years in America, race hasShow MoreRelatedManaging Workplace Diversity Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesDiversity is a term used most often to describe the different types of race, religion, and nationalities but in today’s business world, it is used to describe the different individual behaviors of employees. Diversity is about characteristics and demographics that differ from person to person and how they affect human behavior. To understand how diversity affects the work place let us look at four types of divers ity--Differences in skill and abilities, Values and attitudes, Occupation differencesRead MoreMulticulturism Just Got Schooled Essay753 Words   |  4 Pagespeople, which Konig found ridiculous. She commented in her article, â€Å"†¦kids are at that remarkable age when they are thoroughly color blind†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (51). So, why take away the innocence in that early of an age? Exposure to diversity is inevitable in America, so there is no need to introduce the idea early. The knowledge of cultural diversity starts when being exposed to the outside world. With exposure to diversity, comes judgment, which is arguably human nature. Teaching multiculturism in early elementary schoolRead MoreChief Executive Officer For Nissan Motor Corporation1649 Words   |  7 PagesVice President of Renault from 1996 to 1999. Diversity management has become necessary to survive in today’s business world. Diversity management is, â€Å"an organizational commitment and integration approach that moves beyond compliance with legal requirements and statements that simply express the organization’s claims to value diversity.† (Canas Sondak, 2014) Ghosn has a passion to manage diversity. His passion to ensure that people of all cultures, ages, gender, and background are treated equallyRead MoreDiversity in the Workplace Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesDiversity refers to human qualities that are different from our own and those of groups to which we belong; but that are manifested in other individuals and groups. Dimensions of diversity include but are not limited to: age, ethnicity, gender, physical abilities / qualities, race, sexual orientation, educational background, geographic location, income, marital status, military experience, parental status, religious beliefs, work experience, and job classification. (Foothill-De Anza Community CollegeRead MoreDiversity in the Workplace Essay examples1414 Words   |  6 Pagesis aimed at providing a framework for discussion of diversity and how it pairs with demographic characteristics. It is divided into four parts. Part I represents diversity in the workforce, which reflects the rational of organizations and how they handle diversity in the occupations of their workers. Parts II characterize diversity and age, as it responds to the fact that older people have the skill set to keep them working well past retirement age. Part III denotes religion, where as more employersRead MoreFor The Past Two Decades, Canadian Population Is Increasingly1439 Words   |  6 Pagesmore challenges due to the current age of cultural pluralism because they are born from refugee or immigration’s families. Therefore, early childhood education is responsible to create multicultural practices that benefits young children to their cognit ive and social developments, and protects them from bias and discrimination. Multicultural education provides enormous merits to children social and emotional developments. Firstly, teaching multicultural diversity is one way to build children’s selfRead MoreThe Importance of Active Participation of Children and Young People in Decisions Affecting Their Lives937 Words   |  4 Pagesparticipation of children and young people in decisions affecting their lives The importance of active participation of children and young people in decisions affecting their lives is you can find out what the child or family actually want or need. It’s very important to listen to their views and communicate with parents and respect their points of view you need to communicate well with children and take into account that young children may use non-verbal communication. If children and young people are givenRead MoreDesire to Retire: Increasing Age Diversity in the Workplace1200 Words   |  5 PagesDesire to Retire: Increasing Age Diversity in the Workplace As a result of demographic changes in many industrialized countries, organizations are experiencing increased age diversity (Hertel, Van der Heijden, de Lange, Deller, 2013a). In the US, this is due to the aging baby boom generation (Schram, 2006), and organizations are faced with adjusting to the changing demographic. By contrast, in Europe and China the labor force is shrinking (Cheung Wu, 2013; Schermuly, Deller, Busch, 2014)Read MoreEffectiveness Of Diversity Intervention Or Their Results1159 Words   |  5 Pagesresearch assessing the effectiveness of diversity intervention or their results† (Kulik Roberson, 2008). 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Troy (the movie) v. the Iliad free essay sample

Troy and the Iliad are very similar in the story line and the all-around theme but there are huge fundamental changes the director made to the story to increase the likeability of the movie. Troy includes some of the significant events from the Iliad but there are extremely important events of the book that he did not include and some events that are important to the movie that never actually happened in the book. The three most important fundamental changes of the movie were the change in where the story had actually began and ended, the nonexistence of the gods throughout the whole movie and the change from Achilles’ decision for Patroclus to fight to Patroclus’ decision to go. In the movie Troy the director makes the decision to start the movie at the start of the war, giving the viewers some background information as to why the war had actually began rather than starting nine years into the war like in the Iliad, â€Å"Rage—Goddess, sing the rage of Peleus’ son Achilles, murderous, doomed, that cost the Achaeans countless losses, hurling down to the House of Death so many sturdy souls, great fighters’ sols, but made their bodies carrion, feast for the dogs and birds, and the will of Zeus was moving toward is end. Begin, Muse, when the two first broke and clashes, Agamemnon lord of men and brilliant Achilles. † [1. 1-8] He also ended the book at the end of the Trojan war, far beyond the end of the epic poem â€Å"And so the Trojans buried Hector breaker of the horses. † [24. 944] most likely to show people what had actually happened. Starting and ending the movie in different spots would help give the viewer a more complete event than what the poem had portrayed. Starting the movie with background information on why the war began gives people more information to help them understand the events of the war. Ending the movie after the war, like starting the movie before, gives the viewers a sense of completeness, you find out what happens to most of the main characters and you see how the war ended rather than just cutting off at Hector’s burial like in the poem and having to figure out the ending for yourself. Like starting the movie in the beginning rather than the middle of the story, the movie was also missing another huge trait of an epic poem; it had no involvement of supernatural beings. The movie completely took out all god/goddess involvement changing the events of  the epic dramatically. Not having the god participation throughout the movie was probably a decision they made because of the extreme supernatural events that the gods were involved in would make the movie seem very edited and faked. Aphrodite scooping up Paris during his fight with Menelaus, Apollo pushing Patroclus down the walls, the river fighting with Achilles, â€Å"Achilles the famous spearman, leapi ng down from the bluff plunged in the river’s heart and the river charged against him, churning, surging, all his rapids rising in white fury. † [21.265-267] Without the participation of the gods the whole theme of fate vanished, nothing was left to the gods, in the movie they talked about Apollo and him sending signs to the Trojans but there was never actual physical participation from any of them. Wolfgang Peterson most likely did not want to add the gods into the movie to keep the movie more realistic for the viewer making everything seem more believable to people in today’s generation who do not have as much faith in miracles and gods as they did when this poem was being passed down. Unlike the first two dramatic fundamental changes the third does not have anything to do with the traits of an epic poem changing to fit the movie’s standards, but the story line of the movie. In the poem Achilles grants Patroclus permission to go and fight and raise the morals or the Achaeans and even gives him his armor, â€Å"Even so, Patroclus, fight disaster off the ships, fling yourself at the Trojans full force—before they gut our hulls with leaping fire and tear away the beloved day of our return† [16.  92-95]. In the movie Patroclus does talk to Achilles about fighting but he says no and Patroclus defies him and goes to fight anyway. The movie was probably changed to strike more at people emotions, Achilles anger, and sadness for the loss of his cousin and how he must feel that he did not even get the chance to say good-bye because he did not know he was going compared to in the book he had the chance to say a final good-bye if he chose to. It also helps to explain Achilles rage because of Patroclus’ death, in the movie him not giving him permission to go out and fight would give him more of a reason to be upset that he was killed by Hector because Patroclus defied him and went against his ruling, as to the book he gives Patroclus full permission to go out and fight even though he told him to come back he gave him permission knowing there was a possibility he could die during a battle to raise the moral of the Achaean army. The director of Troy most likely made the changes that he did because an American audience now is more likely to watch something that does tell a complete story so changing where the story begins and ends to fit the full story and the wants of your viewers is important, people also find an interesting story that plays at some emotion and is explained is important. Without emotion and explanation some of the biggest movies would never have become successful. Also making sure the effects of the movie are good is a sure way to increase the views, we have all seen movies that have awful effects and we never feel the need to see them again so to make a movie successful having good effects will help increase the movie’s ratings. The director probably made most if not all of the changes he did to fit the likes of the American audience and what we had seemed to gravitate towards in a movie at the time it was made.

Emerging Economies In Globalising World †Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Emerging Economies In Globalising World. Answer: Introduction The economic performance of the different developing countries over the past few decades reflects a wide range of disparity among these countries and also in comparison to the developed nations. The economic growth in some of the developing countries over a period of a few years has been remarkable. This gives rise to the concept of emerging market economies and provides a scope to study the transition of these countries over the past decades. The reason why some of the developing countries emerged rapidly while others were left behind can be manifold. The disparity in the economic performance of the various developing countries can be attributed to a number of economic parameters like the national income, the per capita income which also accounts for the population level, performance of the share market, openness to international trade and foreign investment, etc. While many developing countries have registered high economic growth rates over the past decades, the growth rate of dev eloping countries have been relatively low during the same period of time. However, the records of high growth rates for the developing countries have been temporary ranging for around a decade. The economic growth in most of these countries has been unsustainable. The emerging market economies registered the rapid economic growth mostly during the decades of 1990 and 2000 mainly due to the increased global supply of funds. Most of the developing nations opened up to the international market in terms of the output and financial markets during the early 1990s. Most of the developing countries, however, have not shown any sign of high paced growth they have been in the transition phase since the past few decades and will continue to be in that phase for years to come. The emerging market economies that registered the most notable economic performance over the two decades concerned are Brazil, Russia, India and China, popularly referred to as BRIC. Though these countries have not expe rienced any major parametric change in common, their economic performance with respect to a number of factors has been notably high and has surpassed most of their developed counterparts. However, since the income levels in these countries are widely different, they cannot be compared in terms of all the economic parameters (Mankiw, 2012). When a developing country starts from a low level, the growth rate would naturally be prominent over a period of time. Since, developed countries have already attained that level; the growth rate seems comparatively sluggish (Sharma, 2012). Economic Growth And Development The economic growth of a country is determined by a number of factors. The determinants of economic growth are the same for both developed and developing countries, but the structure and transformations of these economic parameters are different for developing and developed nations. Accordingly, the difference in economic growth is generated. The most important factor is that developed and developing nations start off with different endowment levels, that is, different levels of initial allocations (Blanchard and Johnson, 2012). This is what affects their growth parameters over time. Due to different initial levels of output and income, the economic growth rate of developed and developing countries are different with developing countries registering a higher growth rate. This is mainly because when a developing country starts at a low initial level, the rate of growth in the transition phase is much higher than the rate of growth of a developed country that has already attained the s ame level of economic output. During the period considered, the major developing economies in the world were going through a wide variety of transformations. Major economic reforms were undertaken in most of these economies (Dornbusch, Fischer and Startz, 2013). The government policies had been modified to suit the immediate growth requirements of such countries and accordingly the policies were implemented. Under the influence of the major economic changes, the economic growth rate of these countries was largely paced up. The decade of 1990 and that of 2000 were known for major global economic changes that took place. These triggered the rapid growth rate of these economies in the coming decades. However, for most of the developing economies, the growth rate was not sustained for a long period of time. The two decades witnessed large scale economic and social changes in the low and middle income countries which transformed a much developed economic structure as compared to the earl ier decades. Increased volume of exports and availability of natural resources are two major factors that have influenced the growth rates of developing economies over this period. Moreover, due to better and improved health and medical facilities, the life expectancy in these countries also improved which largely contributes to economic growth by improving the productivity and efficiency of the labour force in the economy (Mankiw, 2012). When these countries opened up to the global economy in the early 1990s, there was increased investment from foreign investors who perceived potential returns in these countries. Increased investment augmented economic growth to a large extent by improving the production conditions. Again, due to increased job opportunities and eased mobility across countries, the unemployment rate also decreased over the year in most of these countries. Multinational organizations established their counterparts in some developing countries and hence generated larg e scale employment. A few countries like Malaysia and Thailand would have transformed from middle income to high income economies during this course of time. However, due to unstable political, economic and financial conditions, they soon experienced a financial meltdown in the years 1997 98. Since then they have been unable to catch up their earlier growth levels. In terms of per capita income, the developing countries had registered a very low level till before the 1990s. Thereafter, as a consequence of the rapid economic growth and progress, the per capita income had risen considerably relative to that of the developed countries. Hence, there has been an improvement in the general standard of living in these economies as compared to their previous economic situation. This is mainly due to a number of different policies adopted by the governments of these countries to control the population. The population control policies have mainly contributed to the increase in the per capita income of these countries (Samuelson and Nordhaus, 2009). For example, in China, the one-child policy measure imposed by the government has over the years controlled the population to a considerable extent. The rapid decline in population has pushed up the per capita income and hence the standard of living in these countries over the two decades. However, post 2011, the difference between the per capita incomes of the developing and developed nations again widened back to the earlier levels. Thus, the rapid growth did not sustain for most of the developing economies (Blanchard and Johnson, 2013). Globalization In Emerging Economies Globalization is an increasingly important issue that has large scale impact on the world economy. It is defined as the process of amalgamation of different nations across the globe in terms of ideas, culture, products and services, perspectives and political, social and economic structures. Over time, it has created and increased the already created interdependence among the developed and developing countries across the world through the medium of social, political and economic parameters. Infrastructural advancement and advanced means of transportation and communications among different countries has resulted due to globalization. Many underdeveloped countries with potential growth prospects have absorbed the technological improvements from their developed counterparts and they have experienced rapid growth based on this (Krugman, Obstfeld and Melitz, 2012). Globalization, especially for the developing nations has not only facilitated mobility of products and services but also the mobility of people across nations, thereby improving global productivity and also increasing the share of developing countries in the global gross domestic product. It has generated the flow of information across nations which has led to the improvement of production technologies and expanded the efficiency of developing economies (Krugman and Wells, 2012). Over the two decades, most of the developing economies in the world have experienced large scale globalization in terms of the output as well as the financial markets. For example, Taiwan emerged in the global economy in the year 1991 followed by India which opened up to the global economy in the year 1992 after the economic reforms of the country. In South Korea, globalization was pronounced in the year 1993 and in 1995 for Russia. Similarly, all the major emerging market economies characterized as developing economies began their international participation around this period. Foreign investment in these countries over this per iod of time made a remarkable progress and increased from as low as 1 percent to nearly 8 percent of the global stock market. However, the effect of globalization did not retain for a very long period of time for all the developing nations across the world. During the period 1994 to 2002, there came about an economic crisis from Mexico to Turkey and hence the stock market of the developing world shrank 50 percent to 4 percent of the global total. China was the only exception because instead of shrinking it expanded to 4.5 percent of the global total. This is mainly because the growth rate in China during this period of time has been almost the highest and it has sustained for a really long period of time. Hence, ultimately, the issue of emerging markets was basically applicable to China only. Though the other emerging economies have experienced large scale transformations and expansion compared to their previous situation, the progress of China was the most pronounced during the two decades considered. However, in 2003 again, emerging market economies were seen to rise as a group as a consequence of the global boom that occurred. Their share of global GDP rose to 34 percent from 20 percent during this period of time. Their stock market share also rose to a considerable extent. Again, in 2008, large scale losses had been inflicted upon the global economy due to the global financial crisis. Though the developing countries had recovered from the crisis in due time, they have not been able to attain their previous economic conditions. More funds are required to flow into the developing economies for their adequate growth and progress. Moreover, the funds should be channelized optimally so as to augment the economic growth by improving the general efficiency level of the developing countries. Globalization has had manifold effects on individual economies and the world economy on the whole. It has affected economic growth via channels of trade in goods and services, foreign investment, labour migration, information flows and technological integration. It has been effective mainly because most of the developing nations have abundant natural resources and cheap labour and other factors of production. This has led to increased economic activity in the developing countries generated in the developed countries over the years. Over time, globalization has also generated economies of scale for different nations and hence enhanced the growth prospective. Developing countries have mostly benefited from globalization mainly due to increased efficiency and productivity along with information flows which helps improve the production technology. When globalization took place, multinational organizations have expanded their business in various developing countries thus generating labour demand in those countries. The domestic producers have also been able to expand their capacity with foreign investment and hence they also acquired increased labour. Under t he availability of surplus labour in most of these countries, the unemployment rates have reduced. Thus, globalization has played a major role in changing the economic conditions of the developing countries over the years (Caves, Frankel and Jones, 2007). Bric The emergence of the developing nations in the global economy has been remarkable in the decades of 1990 and 2000. The main drivers of this progress were the developing countries Brazil, Russia, India and China popularly referred to as BRIC. These countries were said to be developing at a very fast pace during the past two decades, so much so that they almost caught up and in some cases even surpassed their developed counterparts. Though these economies do not share any common macroeconomic situation, yet individually, the performance of these countries was notable during the decades of rapid economic growth. Brazil The decade of 1990 is referred to as the reform decade for the economy of Brazil. This is mainly because during this period, the economy underwent a number of changes in terms of economic and administrative policies that shaped the economy differently in the years to follow. There was large scale foreign capital inflow into Brazil at the beginning of the decade which was accompanied by major technological changes that transformed the production parameters of the economy. However, the macroeconomic situation in the country was unstable during this period of time which hindered the absolute participation of the country in the international movements. The path of economic growth seemed to have been marked for Brazil according to the success indicators for the other emerging economies. In an attempt to control inflation, the domestic economic situation was further worsened. However, in the latter half of the decade, stabilization was focused on and duly achieved in terms of prices. There was notably increased trade openness in the country in terms of merchandise and capital which allowed for the integration with the other developed nations in the world. The access to international capital was facilitated by the various reforms undertaken. The decade of 1990 was marked as a turning point in the economic history of Brazil. The price stabilization process facilitated positive economic transformations to a great extent and it was sustained for over 6 years. The channels via which price stabilization augmented the economic performance of the country are the creation of wealth effect for both consumers and producers, establishment of a stable political situation and generating confidence in foreign investors. Thus during the decades of 1990 and 2000, the Brazilian economy, having undergone rapid economic reforms, registered high growth rates. Once a stable economic situation was achieved, the economic growth slowed down in the years to follow. Russia During the 1990s, the transformation of the Russian economy from a central planning system to a market-based economy was brought about through the emphasis on economic restructuring and macroeconomic stabilization. For economic restructuring, the establishment of legal, commercial and institutional organizations like banks, commercial and legal codes, private property, etc. was necessary such that the economy could perform efficiently. On the other hand, for macroeconomic stabilization, implementation of appropriate fiscal and monetary policies along with the stabilization of prices and exchange rates were emphasized. The economy was opened to the international forum and this facilitated the economic growth of the country in the following years. As a measure of macroeconomic stabilization, the government budget deficit was aimed to be reduced such that as a long-term effect the inflation rate could be controlled. During the years of 1992 and 1993, money supply and credit was widely e xpanded by the government which led to inflation and depreciation of the exchange rate. This monetary policy was soon curbed which stabilized prices again. The increase in money supply was a result of the large scale credit inflow from foreign investors. Thus the Russian economy during the period post 1990 had experienced rapid economic growth. However, post the two decades, the output market and the stock market of Russia have been known to be one of the weakest in the world. Thus the economic condition of Russia could not be sustained for long. India The decade of 1990 witnessed large scale economic transformation of the Indian economy. Economic reforms covering a wide variety of macroeconomic issues were undertaken in India in the year 1991. The economic reforms of India were mainly characterized by liberalization, privatization and globalization. Besides undertaking numerous macroeconomic transformation policies, the country completely opened up to the international economy in terms of the output market as well as the financial market. In the following years, the country developed rapidly in terms of foreign trade and foreign direct investment. Trade barriers had been removed as a reform policy by the government which facilitated the increased volumes of trade across the world with the Indian economy at the forefront. Thus there was rapid economic growth in the country. Foreign direct investment has been increasingly flowing into the country ever since. This is because the country is a potential and business hub for investment and business. Thus the output and income in the economy was augmented which led to rapid economic growth. The reforms had mainly been undertaken to correct the unstable macroeconomic situation that the country has been subject to in the preceding years. In the attempt, the country achieved major economic goals and registered high economic growth over the period. China Of all the major emerging market economies, the economic performance of China over the decades of 1990 and 2000 was the most remarkable. In fact, the term emerging market economies was essentially applicable to only China after a point of time. Throughout the two decades, China recorded high economic growth rates and the country has been progressing rapidly. It has been through large scale economic transitions through the implementation of different policies over the years. The progress of the Chinese economy was far better compared to the other developing economies at that point. Having started from a low initial level of resources, the economy of China was the fastest growing economy over a considerable period of time surpassing the major economies in the world. At one point of time, China was almost said to be overtaking the United States as the largest economy in the world. The growth rate of china has slowed down post 2009 and the record has been low ever since. Even during the financial meltdown when most of the economies were shrinking in terms of the stock market, China experienced an expansion. However, the growth of the Chinese economy has been sluggish in the recent years. Though China has adopted various population control policies, the population of the country is too large to accommodate the benefits of economic growth. Moreover, the Chinese population is aging and hence the productivity and efficiency of the economy is being hampered. The surplus labour in the economy has already been used up and hence there is little scope for further economic growth. Conclusion The developing countries of the world have over the past few decades experienced rapid economic growth due to a number of reasons. Of the developing countries some have shown remarkable performance in terms of economic growth and development whereas the growth in other economies has been negligible. The main drivers of the growing market economies have been Brazil, Russia, India and China, the economic performances of which have been most noteworthy. Though these countries do not have any macroeconomic situation in common, the economic growth registered was same paced. Each country has grown and developed in a different way given the completely different initial economic situations. Even though the rapid growth process in these economies could not be sustained, the economies are still growing. No comparison should be drawn between the developing and developed economies since they are measured on completely different scales and marking one with respect to the other might underestimate the economic performance of the developing nations (Sharma, 2012). References Blanchard, O. and Johnson, D. (2012). Macroeconomics. 6th ed. New York: Pearson Education. Dornsbusch, R. Fischer, S. and Startz, R. (2013). Macroeconomics. 12th ed. New York: McGraw Hill Education. Mankiw, N. (2012). Macroeconomics. 8th ed. New York: Worth Publishers. Krugman, P. and Wells, R. (2012). Macroeconomics. 3rd ed. New York: Worth Publishers. Samuelson, P. and Nordhaus, W. (2009). Macroeconomics. 19th edn. New York: McGraw Hill Education. Krugman, P., Obstfeld, M. and Melitz, M. (2012). International Economics: Theory and Policy. 9th edn. New York: Pearson Education. Caves, R., Frankel, J. and Jones, R. (2007). World Trade and Payments: An Introduction. 10th edn. New York: Pearson Education. Sharma, R. (2012). Broken BRICs: Why the Rest Stopped Rising. JSTOR, Vol 91 (6), pp. 2 7.